Vaccine platforms and their effectiveness against COVID-19

The process to develop COVID-19 vaccine development has been a fast-track process, and several vaccines are available for use (February 2021). At present, none of the evidence reports that any other vaccine apart from that developed for the COVID-19 virus can protect from this disease. Several potential vaccines for the COVID-19 are being developed, such as; inactivated virus vaccines, which contain a weakened form of the virus that generates an immune response but does not develop the disease; protein-based vaccines, which evade the COVID-19 virus to produce an immune response against protein fragments and viral vector vaccines, which generate an immune response against the coronavirus proteins. RNA and DNA vaccines, which employ cutting-edge genetic engineering techniques to make a protein that induces an immune response. In early December2020, the first mass vaccination program for the COVID-19 started, and about 175.3 million vaccine doses have been inoculated as of 15 February 2021. Three different platforms with seven different vaccines have been used in this mass vaccination campaign so far. This article will help in understandingCoronavirus and the vaccine platforms and their effectiveness against COVID-19.